which had run out of skilled manpower and was holed below the waterline after three years of Allied blockade – as the logistical failures of the Ludendorff offensive would later reveal.

The failure of Ludendorff’s offensive in March 1918 along the Western Front turned the war decisively against Germany, but it ...

Allied with France and Britain, Grand Duke Nicholas, the Russian commander, agreed to help relieve the French, under attack from Germany, with an offensive ... chief of staff, Ludendorff ...