Probability theory provides the mathematical language for quantifying uncertainty and analysing random phenomena. Its foundations rest on measure-theoretic notions of probability spaces and σ-algebras ...

Theory of sets -- Point set topology -- Set functions -- Construction and properties of measures -- Definitions and properties of the integral -- Related spaces and measures -- The space of measurable ...

Probability is a measure of the likelihood of events happening. The greater the proportion of times an event can happen the greater (or more likely) the probability. Events can be ordered by the ...