Researchers argue that, in some situations where machine-learning models are used to allocate scarce resources or opportunities, randomizing decisions in a structured way may lead to fairer outcomes.

In a randomized clinical trial, instead of allocating patients equally between the treatment arms, some trials in oncology assign a higher proportion of patients to receive the experimental treatment ...

Whole-blood transfusion has recently gained favor in the management of severe hemorrhage; however, data from large clinical trials evaluating its clinical effectiveness and safety are lacking. We ...

Malaria control and elimination is threatened by the spread of insecticide resistance and behavioral adaptation of vectors. Whether mass administration of ivermectin, a broad-spectrum antiparasitic ...