He quickly realized, however, that temperature was a kind of universal predictor and could guide the development of a new model. He started with a theory in chemistry that describes the kinetics of ...

Low-temperature plasmas are intrinsically non-equilibrium systems in which electromagnetic fields, particle transport, and thermodynamic processes interact ...

For two centuries, students have learned that heat flows and engines work according to rigid limits that no machine can beat. Now a series of experiments at atomic and electronic scales is revealing ...