Suppose we have n i.i.d. copies {$X_{i},Y_{i}$); i = 1,...,n} of an example (X, Y), where X ϵ χ is an instance and Y ϵ {-1, 1} is a label. A decision function (or ...

The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hϋbner) is one of the most important pests affecting crop production globally. The data-mining technique, for predicting pest incidence using biotic and ...