However, it’s also true that the Treaty of the EU provides for the establishment of common defense (however undefined) and ...

In 2017, 25 EU member states established Permanent Structured Cooperation (known as PESCO) in the field of security and defence policy. The emergence of PESCO is a milestone in the development of ...

However member states also cooperate closely in responding to current challenges, through the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) and beyond. Drawing on civilian and military assets provided by ...

Following the Maastricht Treaty, which established the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) in 1993, the Franco-British Summit in Saint-Malo laid the foundations for a European defence and ...

The European Union must “do more” in defence if it wishes to play a geostrategic role and enhance its geostrategic autonomy, President Nikos Christodoulides said on Monday.“Defence in the European ...

The EU recognises the strategic nature of space and that space is key for the EU’s freedom of action and autonomous decision-making in security and defence.

The security and defence landscape is characterised by rapid change and evolving threats to global stability. The uncertainties of a complex geopolitical environment, with war on multiple fronts, are ...