• Background and Aims Masting, i.e. synchronous but highly variable interannual seed production, is a strong sink for carbon and nutrients. It may, therefore, compete with vegetative growth. It is ...

The origin and developmental history of Fagus sylvatica forests in south-eastern Norway have been studied through pollen analysis and AMS radiocarbon-dating of peat from two small forest hollows. In ...

Leaves – deciduous, 3-6” long, elliptical to oblong, serrate with sharp incurved teeth, somewhat papery, and penniveined; similar to F. grandifolia, but often smaller with fewer teeth. The European ...

The fernleaf European beech is a grand tree with a soft, furry appearance from a distance. Beech leaves usually are entire -- that is, smooth along their margins -- but the foliage of the fernleaf ...