Over the past two decades, China has transformed from a strategically weak energy power, dependent on imports of oil and gas, into the world leader in clean energy. Today, China produces the most wind ...

Instead, military involvement in domestic law enforcement becomes normalized, power concentrates in the executive, civilian institutions weaken, and civil liberties erode. Democratic institutions ...

The war in Ukraine is, at once, a past and future conflict. On the one hand, Russia’s invasion resembles World War I, with static frontlines, trenches, and vast areas of no mans ...

As the United States approaches the 250th anniversary of its founding, two works offer valuable, fresh views of the American Revolution.

Since its founding in 1922, Foreign Affairs has been the leading forum for serious discussion of American foreign policy and global affairs. The magazine has featured contributions from many leading ...

In December 2025, newspapers in India carried an arresting, dystopian image: scores of young people sitting obediently in rows on an airstrip in the eastern state of Odisha to take an exam. Over 8,000 ...

From Washington to Beijing and Moscow to New Delhi, a consensus is emerging that the world has entered a multipolar era. Political leaders, diplomats, and analysts routinely declare that unrivaled ...

But under Trump, kleptocracy and ideology are inextricably intertwined. And that makes it more likely that kleptocratic governance—in both domestic and foreign policy—will endure even after he leaves ...

The army’s “transformation in contact” exercise, carried out this fall through the Joint Pacific Multinational Readiness Center, was a good step in this direction. Although this exercise was not long ...

In the nearly four years since Russia’s unprovoked full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the war has repeatedly confounded expectations. A conflict that many analysts anticipated would be short and ...

As a result, NATO allies have sent Ukraine hundreds of billions of dollars in military, economic, and humanitarian assistance to prevent it from losing the war and collapsing. The Europeans have ...

In the four years since Russian President Vladimir Putin launched his “special military operation,” Ukraine and its foreign supporters have consistently framed their objectives in the language of ...